DNA

Before knowing what is chromosomes, we need to know the what is DNA and other terms related to chromosomes.

 SO, yes what is DNA?

DNA stands for DEOXYRIBO NUCLEIC ACID. It is the genetic material which is acidic in nature.

They are present inside the nucleus of the cell. DNA is very long, but is condensed inside the nucleus of the cell. DNA is used to determine the characteristics possessed by a human being. Genes are located here which are transcribed to form mRNA and further proteins which are used in human body.  James Watson and Francis Crick were the first person to discover that the DNA is a genetic material which is present inside the nucleus of the cell.

You must have noticed every person on earth looks different except the identical twins.WHY?

Because every human being has a unique DNA which makes every human being different.

STRUCTURE OF THE DNA

So, what is DNA  made up of:

• deoxyibose sugar
• phosphate group
• nitrogenous bases

Nitrogenous bases are also of 4 types:

• ADENINE (A)
• GUANINE (G)
• CYTOSINE (C)
• THYMINE (T) 

Here, all the nitrogenous bases are connected by hydrogen bonds,WHY? Because they are very weak bonds and can braked easily.

So A pairs with T with 2 hydrogen bonds

and, G pairs with C with 3 hydrogen bonds.

These further condenses and forms chromosomes in the nucleus during cell division.

FUN FACT:

Do you know we humans have only 3% active DNA present in our body. Rest 97% are inactive. So, the rest of DNA, are they useless? NO. If 10% of our DNA is activated we will never cause any disease in our body and if in case it happens it will be cured in the cellular level. If 100% of our DNA is activated we will have the power to cure any disease from any body. This can happen only though meditation. Activating of our DNA is not a easy thing to do.